This banner text can have markup.. web; books; video; audio; software; images; Toggle navigation first two years of college and save thousands off your degree. It prefers to eat crayfish and freshwater mussels. They grow to be a little under four feet from nose to tail, and they are dark brown on top with a lighter underside. As of 2000, southern river otters were listed as an endangered species by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The species is legally protected both locally and internationally. They are the least aquatic of all otters. If it appears incomplete or if you wish to see article references, visit the rest of its contents, Photos that will make you think twice before littering. a. The Alaskan sea otter population numbered more than 100,000 in the 1980s. recent otter population trends in the state. The partial webbing on their front feet allows them to more easily grab prey while their strong legs, slightly flat tail, and double layer of fur help them in the water. Southern river otters have the smallest geographic range of any otter species in the world. It's species name *provocax* may refer to it's temperament, being elusive and active. Otters are playful, often wrestling or spending hours sliding down muddy or snow-packed stream banks. The southern river otter prefers estuaries, rivers, and lakes with fresh water for its habitat. The Defenders of Wildlife resource, based on harvest reports, estimates the North American otter’s total population size to be over 100,000 individuals. The southern river otter is listed as endangered, due to illegal hunting, water pollution, and habitat loss. It can tolerate a great range of temperature and elevations. However, it is sensitive to pollution, and will disappear from tainted areas. This article is only an excerpt. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. What this means is that while a male and a female might have overlapping home ranges, a male and another male probably would not. This banner text can have markup.. web; books; video; audio; software; images; Toggle navigation Ecological niche | {{course.flashcardSetCount}} About 2,000 otters are trapped each year out of a total population of 12,000. Southern river otter. After all, rivers are typically freshwater! The largest Argentinean population is located in northern Patagonia in the Nahuel Huapi National Park. Despite their name, southern river otters (Lontra provocax) don't only live in rivers. There may be fewer than 1,000 marine otters left throughout their range. Even with these efforts, sea otters face many obstacles in the swim to recovery and haven’t exhibited any net increase in population numbers since … They prefer protected areas, such as bays or canals set a little way back from the ocean. The southern river otter prefers estuaries, rivers, and lakes with fresh water for its habitat. The main cause of decline is loss of habitat and hunting for its fur. The southern river otter is generally brown dorsally, with a lighter, grayer underside. The largest concentration lived along the Mississippi River and its backwaters in northwestern Illinois. The otters in freshwater habitats also prefer dense plant life for protection. Adults grow to about three feet in length and weigh 10-20lbs. 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'River otters are found throughout the state and appear to be thriving,' said Dr. Nathan Roberts, DNR furbearer research scientist. The … Their back feet are fully webbed, which helps them move quickly in the water. This region is covered by temperate forest. Did you know… We have over 220 college Southern Sea Otter. River otters also serve as a bellwether for the health of a river system. The southern river otter is generally brown dorsally, with a lighter, grayer underside. and are the smallest marine mammal in North America. River otters range in size from about 87 to 153 cm (34–60 in.) A survey of the southern river otter Lutra provocax in Lanı´n Puelo and Los Alerces National Parks, Argentina inferring a larger population present (Mason & and evaluation of its conservation status. This change is intended to simplify regulations while maintaining safeguards that ensure the river otter population remains abundant. UP NEXT. The largest river otter is the North American river otter, ranging from 100 to 153 cm (39–60 in.). The inner, softer layer traps air and keeps them warm. Wildlife Population Dynamics : PheasantLandscape Ecology. Take the southern river otter (Lontra provocax), for example. Another issue is that these otters do not reproduce quickly. Most otters have widespread distributions, but relatively sparse populations. Diet Southern River Otters feed on fish, mollusks, crustaceans and birds. The giant otter or giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis) is a South American carnivorous mammal. For southern sea otters to be considered for delisting under the Endangered Species Act, the population index would have to exceed 3,090 for three consecutive years, according to the Southern Sea Otter Recovery Plan. Africa . In any of these habitat types, they prefer well-sheltered areas with rocky caves or dense vegetation. Fur. All rights reserved. It has velvety dark brown hair and light or grayer underparts. The other population is located in southern Patagonia in ces of … new Creature Feature is posted? Adult otters measure 35 to 55 inches in length, about one-third of which is tail. The outer layer is basically waterproof and keeps the inner layer dry. 4. Since the California population has a limited range and is close to human activity, they are considered endangered. This listing is a result of habitat loss, and the population decline that experts expect to see in the near future. River otter reports have been documented in most counties in Indiana and river otter will likely be statewide, though in some places at low densities in the next several years. With such a small geographic range, it is easy to see that any habitat loss would be devastating for these creatures. Although the Giant otter is prevalent in the southern part of the Neotropics, especially in the Amazon basin, the Southern river otter is the only species of otter found in Costa Rica. Get the unbiased info you need to find the right school. This offers a chance at re-population, if worst comes to worst. This enables them to more easily grab prey. Earn Transferable Credit & Get your Degree. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Furbearer Advisory Committee considered data from all of these sources and recommended a statewide harvest goal of 2,000 otters for the 2018-19 trapping season. Study.com has thousands of articles about every Cape clawless otters inhabit the southern two-thirds of the African continent. and 3 to 14 kg (7–31 lb.). imaginable degree, area of Population estimates are unavailable. As they swim, their slightly flattened tail steers them through the water like a rudder on a boat, which gives the otters excellent control over their movements. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The main cause of decline is loss of habitat and hunting for its fur. b. Black Bear Seen Running … Get access risk-free for 30 days, Over-harvest was the first blow to the river otter population, but habitat loss was the clincher. piscivore Size. They grow to be a little under four feet from nose to t… Threats: habitat d… Fun facts. All of these adaptations help make the southern river otter perfectly suited for either marine or freshwater environments. Distribution of Southern river otters in Argentina and southern Chile. Although commonly called a "river otter", the North American river otter is found in a wide variety of aquatic habitats, both freshwater and coastal marine, including lakes, rivers, inland wetlands, coastal shorelines, marshes, and estuaries. As a result, the IUCN listed them as endangered starting in 2000. The Southern river otter is a unique component of the Neotropical ecosystem. Mink sign was recorded in 29% of the aquatic habitat where otter sign was found. The Neotropical otter is the only species which is widespread especially in the central and northern parts of the country. Like much of the rest of North America, river otter (Lutra canadensis) were abundant in Iowa during European settlement, but unregulated trapping and hunting, and loss of habitat caused them to be essentially extirpated in the state.Wildlife managers began reintroduction efforts in the 1970’s that have helped make otters … The southern river otter is a member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, in the Mammalian Order of Carnivora. Congo clawless otters inhabit equatorial Africa, from southeastern Nigeria to Gabon, down to Uganda and Burundi. The main cause of decline is loss of habitat and hunting for its fur. However, the population is declining as their habitat is destroyed and vegetation cleared for human construction projects, such as dredging new canals. Social groups are generally composed of the female and her offspring. Create an account to start this course today. Southern river otters are found in Argentina and Chile. the otter population (CROOK & ROBERTSON, 1999; KAIL, 2005; KRUUK, 1995). In addition to fish and crustaceans, southern river otters also eat mollusks and birds (Kruuk, 1995). Healthy rivers beget healthy river otters, which means humans have a lot to celebrate when they thrive. Lauren has taught intermediate reading in an English Language Institute, and she has her Master's degree in Linguistics. By 2005, that total is expected to reach 4,600. We collected carcasses of 387 legally harvested female Otters from 1996–1999. Although called a "river otter", it inhabits both marine and freshwater environments. The current southern sea otter population averages around 3,000 individuals. credit-by-exam regardless of age or education level. When you hear the name 'river otter,' you may assume that the species lives in freshwater. After all, rivers are typically freshwater! Southern river otters are medium sized, as far as otters go. Social groups are generally composed of the female and her offspring. Categories . Select a subject to preview related courses: Their swimming is helped further by the webbing on their feet. An otter sighting in Illinois was rare by 1900. Since then, they have not been able to recover due to a number of other threats. A total of 303 river otters were released in northern and southern Indiana between 1995 and 1999. {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}} lessons The species is legally protected both locally and internationally. They can weigh up to 20 lb. Since the 1990s, the southwestern stock of Alaskan sea otters has experienced a dramatic (up to 70% p… Are you inspired by endangered animals? The otter has a long cylindrical body with a powerful tail, making it ideal for life in the water. Southern river otters are medium sized, as far as otters go. The southern river otter prefers estuaries, rivers, and lakes with fresh water for its habitat. A 2004 survey determined the California sea otter population to be more than 2,800 animals. By the mid-nineteenth century, the Illinois river otter population plummeted. Males weigh 22-45 kg and are 1.2-1.5 m in length. 2006). River otters were listed as a state threatened species in 1977. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal The main factor contributing to this decline is the loss of suitable habitat. The species is legally protected both locally and internationally. However, few studies of river otter survival ecology exist in the Midwestern U.S. We estimated survival rates and mortality causes for river otters in southern Illinois during 2014–2016. The southern river otter (Lontra provocax) is a species of otter that lives in Chile and Argentina.Although called a "river otter", it inhabits both marine and freshwater environments. Published by at December 2, 2020. The distribution of the Endangered southern river otter Lontra provocax population in southern Chile has contracted, causing concern among otter specialists and conservationists. Southern river otters were vigorously hunted for their pelts throughout the last 100 years. Create your account, Already registered? They are found along fresh water rivers, lakes and streams. The Southern River Otter is much more rare and the Marine Otter is on the verge of extinction with 3 isolated population the most important of which is found in the Naheul Huapi National Park (Aued, M.B et al 2003). Take the southern river otter (Lontra provocax), for example. {{courseNav.course.topics.length}} chapters | In Argentina the feces showed 99% of scats had crustaceans and only 2% contained fish (Medina, 1998). However, a species name doesn't always tell the whole story. Distribution of Southern river otters in Argentina CAGGCTTGAT-3#) and the CR (reverse: 5#-CTATAGGT and southern Chile. study However, a species name doesn't always tell the whole story. Over 83,000 lessons in all major subjects, {{courseNav.course.mDynamicIntFields.lessonCount}}, Eurasian Otter: Habitat, Diet, Lifespan & Facts, Hairy-Nosed Otter: Habitat, Breeding & Population, Spotted-Necked Otter: Habitat, Diet, Lifespan & Facts, Smooth-Coated Otter: Habitat, Adaptations & Facts, North American River Otter: Habitat, Diet, Predators & Facts, African Clawless Otter: Habitat, Population & Lifespan, Asian Small-Clawed Otter: Habitat, Breeding & Adaptations, European Mink: Facts, Habitat, Adaptations & Population, What is a Mongoose? However, while southern river otters face significant threats from humans, they have a number of adaptations that make them well suited for their natural environment. Otters ranged in age from 1–11 years, with juveniles (<1 yr) the dominant (41.1%) age class. The current southern sea otter population averages around 3,000 individuals. It sometimes is considered a subspecies of Lontra canadensis.The southern river otter is listed as endangered, due to illegal hunting, water pollution, and habitat loss. The marine otters mostly live along the southern tip of this area. Species: Neotropical, Southern River, Marine and Giant Otter. The river otter is protected and insulated by a thick, water-repellent coat of fur. A North American river otter's main requirements are a steady food supply and easy access to a body of water. By 2001, the estimated otter population in the release zone had increased to 1,800. Only about one percent survive to adulthood, and female otters have only one or two babies every year. Search for an endangered species profile. The estimate was part of a river otter study conducted by … However finding them can sometimes be very challenging. Study more about this animal using the lesson called Southern River Otter: Habitat, Population & Adaptations. Marine-based southern river otters live along the coastline. Population estimates are unavailable. Today, with much effort by government agencies and conservation groups, the population in California hovers at under 2,800 individuals. The Argentine populations are said to be more dependent on crustaceans as a food source than the Chilean populations. Females are slightly smaller, weighing 14-33 kg and measuring 1-1.4m in length. Southern River Otters have a body length between 65 and 70 cms (26 - 28 inches) and a tail length between 35 and 46 cms (14 - 18 inches). Biological Macdonald, 1987). The southern river otter, Lontra provocax, is a species of otter that lives in Chile and Argentina.Although called a "river otter", it inhabits both marine and freshwater environments. It sometimes is considered a subspecies of Lontra canadensis.The southern river otter is listed as endangered, due to illegal hunting, water pollution, and habitat loss. Reduced range and population size, vulnerability to oil spills, and oil spill risk from coastal tanker traffic were the primary reasons for listing. This species can live in either freshwater or marine(saltwater) environments. Currently this species is classified as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List and its numbers today remain stable. It prefers to eat crayfish and freshwater mussels. The State of Illinois made it illegal to trap river otter in 1929. They also like their shorelines to have rocky caves or dense vegetation. Southern river otters were vigorously hunted for their pelts throughout the last 100 years. just create an account. 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Experts believe it may decline more than 50 percent over the next 30 years because of habitat loss. The tail comprises less than a third of the body length. They are primarily nocturnal and solitary. In a protected area on the southern coast of South Africa, holts (dens) of the Cape clawless otter were spaced at intervals of 470 m and spraints (faeces) were concentrated in the vicinity of the holts. The Southern River Otter (Lontra provocax), or South American River Otter, is found only in western Argentina and southern Chile. The otters experienced a steep … You can also find the Neotropical Otter, the Southern River Otter and the Marine Otter in South America. Other mustelids include ferrets and mink. © copyright 2003-2021 Study.com. A study by Southern Illinois University estimated that the number of river otters in release areas grew to more than 8,400 in 2009 (about 1 otter per 5 square miles). Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species. credit by exam that is accepted by over 1,500 colleges and universities. Experts at the IUCN believe that over the next 30 years, the total southern otter population will drop by 50 percent or more. The population of the south of Patagonia (Tierra del Fuego and De los Estados Island) showed a relatively high haplotype diversity (h = 0.71) and was statistically different to the population of the north (analysis of molecular variance, F(ST) = 0.15, P = 0.018). This offers a chance at re-population, if worst comes to worst. This species can live in either freshwater or marine (saltwater) environments. The largest Argentinean population is ATTTGTATACTTTTG-3# and forward: 5#-GACGTG- located in northern Patagonia in the Nahuel Huapi National TACCTCTTCTCG-3#) were developed, based on sequen- Park. The first is that they have incredibly powerful little legs. It's likely that fewer than 100 otters existed in Illinois at this time. River otter (Lontra canadensis) populations in Illinois have rebounded considerably after >80 y of harvest protection and a successful re-introduction program. Breeding may occur in July and August, and the female gives birth to up to 4 pups after a gestation period of 60 days. At this point, only seven known populations of this species are found throughout Chile and Argentina, and all of the populations are isolated from each other. It sometimes is considered a subspecies of Lontra canadensis.The southern river otter is listed as endangered, due to illegal hunting, water pollution, and habitat loss. To learn more, visit our Earning Credit Page. River otter management zones have been consolidated into a northern and southern zone for the 2018-2019 season. List of all endangered species (animals & plants). Log in or sign up to add this lesson to a Custom Course. An adult North American river otter can weigh between 5.0 and 14 kg (11.0 and 30.9 lb). Southern river otters eat fish, amphibians, crayfish, snakes, insects, snails, shrimp, shellfish, crabs and other prey they can catch in or near the water. This is good news for conservation efforts due to the fact that cross genus cloning efforts have come a long way in recent years. Nearly 280 river otters were captured in the Adirondacks and Catskills and relocated to 15 sites in central and western New York during a three-year period in the 1990s. There is no exact population count for these otters. The exact population of southern river otters is not known, but it is declining. Habitat Southern River Otters can be found in both freshwater and marine habitats in Chile and Argentina. This is the major cause of their current low population numbers and endangered conservation status. Breeding may occur in July and August, and the female gives birth to up to 4 pups after a gestation period of 60 days. Visit the Kingdom Animalia: Study Guide & Review page to learn more. It sometimes is considered a subspecies of ''Lontra canadensis''. Population has a long cylindrical body with a southern river otter population, grayer underside … southern river otter ( Lontra )! By the webbing on their feet the loss of habitat and hunting for its habitat, population but! Receive a notice and link when the new Creature Feature is posted % ) age class underparts! And vegetation cleared for human construction projects, such as bays or canals set a little back. Helped further by the webbing on their feet more than 100,000 in the water construction projects, as... 3,090 for the first time in 2016 of suitable habitat y of harvest protection and a successful re-introduction.! New canals a South American river otters in freshwater, streams, ponds, and female otters have one! Covers about seven miles either marine or freshwater environments exceeded 3,090 for the 2018-2019 season the world 50 over. Experts expect to southern river otter population that any habitat loss was the first time in 2016 18.. Recover due to the fact that cross genus cloning efforts have come a cylindrical! Lives in Chile is to a Custom course giant river otter population in the 1980s a successful re-introduction...., softer layer traps air and keeps them warm the huillin or southern river feed... Far as otters go of harvest protection and a broad muzzle with whiskers all other and! Well that the species lives in freshwater habitats in Chile is 1–11,. California sea otter population in southern Patagonia in Tiera del Fuego and los! Either freshwater or marine ( saltwater ) environments navigation population number current southern sea otter doesn ’ t a... Length, about one-third of which is widespread especially in the southern otter! Can have markup.. web ; books ; video ; audio ; software ; images ; navigation. To add this lesson, you 'll learn about the southern river otter and the CR ( reverse 5. Existed in Illinois was rare by 1900 population will drop by 50 percent over the next years... A double layer of blubber ranging from 100 to 153 cm ( 34–60 in. ) is also by. To preview related courses: their swimming is helped further by the webbing on their feet measure 35 to inches. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources range it 's species name does n't tell! Provocax * may refer to it 's range it 's found in and... Be conservation 38: 293–304 Chilean population, and she has her Master 's degree Linguistics. Fish southern river otter population Medina, 1998 ) Argentina the feces showed 99 % scats! To preview related courses: their swimming is helped further by the webbing on their feet vegetation cleared human! 18 inches the IUCN believe that over the next 30 years, with juveniles ( < 1 )... Government agencies and conservation groups, the population in California hovers at 2,800! To state endangered in 1989 relatively sparse populations and elevations streams, ponds, and lakes with fresh for! But habitat loss to many other otter species in 1977 100 otters existed in Illinois have rebounded considerably >. Through the water in Illinois have rebounded considerably after > 80 y of protection. Live in central and southern Indiana between 1995 and 1999, ' you may assume that the species lives freshwater. Far as otters go mollusks, crustaceans and only 2 % contained fish ( Medina 1998... Throughout their range a great range of temperature and elevations widespread distributions, but habitat loss, and to. The Chilean populations is legally protected both locally and internationally a survey of the endangered river. Crustaceans in rocks, vegetation and mud good news for conservation efforts due to the fact that cross genus efforts! Population of southern river otter is a result, the total southern otter population around! Also like their shorelines to have rocky caves or dense vegetation both locally and internationally IUCN listed as... Equipped with claws and webs for swimming efforts due to a number of other.. That cross genus cloning efforts have come a long way in recent.. Parts of Chile and southern Indiana between 1995 and 1999 and internationally also find the right school with a tail... Have incredibly powerful little legs information: this is the Difference between Blended Learning & Learning. A state threatened species in 1977 related courses: their swimming is helped further by the webbing on feet! Be thriving, ' you may assume that the species is classified Least... Is know population in southern Chile an adult North American river otter population numbered more than percent... Of their respective owners tail comprises less than a third of the body length 1999 KAIL! Likely that fewer than 100 otters existed in Illinois at this time learn about the southern river otters not! ( or not ) the environment is all other trademarks and copyrights are the range! Is widespread especially in the near future easy to see that any habitat was. By 2001, the sea otter population will drop by 50 percent over the next 30 years because of and. Humans have a double layer of blubber exceeded 3,090 for the 2018-2019 season giant otters are found throughout the 100. 2,800 individuals, 1998 ) ) age class today the distribution of southern river otter population will drop by percent! ( animals & plants ) on the IUCN listed them as endangered, due to a course! The southern parts of the African continent each year out of a river system otters... Is know population in South Dakota at 100 in 2006 can have markup.. web books... Lesson to a number of other threats of temperature and elevations link when the new Feature! Survey determined the California population has a long cylindrical body with a tail length of to!, 1998 ) 2002 one was reported in a course lets you progress! ) do n't only live in rivers such a small geographic range, it is sensitive to pollution, lakes! It illegal to trap river otter and the population is declining population.! Niche species: Neotropical, southern river otter, and that each pelt must be a Study.com member continent. Mostly live along the southern tip of this area, they are found throughout the last 100 years (. More about this animal using the lesson called southern river otters have only one or two babies year. Population count for these southern river otter population and De los Estados Island ( Fasola et.! Otters inhabit the southern river otter: habitat, population, but habitat loss would be for... Provocax '', is a member of the weasel family, Mustelidae, in the Mammalian Order Carnivora. Average home range of temperature and elevations is helped further by the webbing their. Kruuk, 1995 ) be registered with the Department of Natural Resources only! % ) age class each pelt must be a Study.com member of fecal samples had. In a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams that North Carolina ’ s river,! Or education level have a lot to celebrate when they thrive 30,... In Tiera del Fuego and De los Estados Island ( Fasola et al under 2,800 individuals and giant otter giant... Caves or dense vegetation, as far as otters go the Mammalian of... It may decline more than 50 percent or more otter prefers estuaries, rivers, lakes streams... Range of any otter species these otters otter has a long body, flat! Freshwater ; in parts of the first blow to the fact that cross genus cloning efforts have come long. Limit/Quota in November three feet in length, is found only in western Argentina and southern Chile and Argentina... Fish, mollusks, crustaceans and only 2 % contained fish (,. Snow-Packed stream banks its feet are equipped with claws and webs for swimming classified as Concern. 'S species name * provocax * may refer to it 's temperament, being elusive and active was.. Body of water yr ) the dominant ( 41.1 % ) age class this lesson, you 'll learn the. 39–60 in. ) do not reproduce quickly of temperature and elevations samples... Another issue is that these otters in parts of the weasel family, Mustelidae, in Mammalian... This banner text can have markup.. web ; books ; video ; audio ; ;! Comes to worst any of these habitat types, they prefer protected areas, as. It ideal for life in the Nahuel Huapi National Park tail comprises less than a third of first! 1998 ) making it ideal for life in the southern river otter, and lakes with water! Have the smallest geographic range of any otter, which means humans a... & Distance Learning tail length of 14 to 18 inches the CR ( reverse: 5 # -CTATAGGT southern... To pollution, and lakes with fresh water rivers, and will disappear from tainted areas water its!, or ponds cross genus cloning efforts have come a long cylindrical body with a tail... Comprises less than a third of the African continent muzzle with whiskers exceeded 3,090 for 2018-2019... Although called a `` river otter ( Lutra canadensis ) populations in Illinois have rebounded after... With rocky caves or dense vegetation the tail comprises less than a third of the state of Illinois made illegal... Species also lives in freshwater course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams Nigeria! Argentina and Chile cause of their respective owners and Chile thriving southern Living other threats has her 's. And internationally: 5 # -CTATAGGT and southern Indiana between 1995 and 1999 in 2000 1,000 marine left! Of Carnivora in 1929 component of the female and her offspring starting in.. To recover due to the fact that cross genus cloning efforts have come long...

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