These vehicles required significantly more resources to produce than the T-34 medium tank, and were always outmatched by it in some significant way. Soviet heavy tank production was constantly in danger of cancellation during the war, and only continued thanks to constant improvement and liberal doses of political interference. Soviet Tank Production WWII Posted on June 13, 2020 Unlike the United States, the Soviet Union came into World War II with an extensive tank industry-one the Soviets had unashamedly based on American-style mass production. At the start of the war, the Soviet Union suffered loss of valuable lands with economic and agricultural potential, great industrial losses and human casualties. Perhaps the best known fighters of World War II were tanks. The SU-85 and the later SU-100 mounted high-velocity guns and were designed for anti-tank work. “Lt. T-34 production figures from battlefield.ru: This page was last edited on 15 December 2020, at 22:56. When Germany instituted its “Blitzkrieg” tactics, tanks became crucial. 2. Not shown here are armoured cars, aerosans, artillery tractors and armoured trains. For these reasons light tank production continued well into the war, even though the medium T-34 was much more cost-effective. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. 3. But later was outflanked by soviet tanks and around 6000 panzer IV tanks were destroyed by soviets from Moscow to Berlin. And they replaced machined parts with stamped metal components whenever possible. And the Soviets weren’t just hiring American architects, but also American production engineers and tool manufacturers. When it first ap. Neither before nor after WWII was the USSR able to produce engineering sufficiently cheaply to make up for its lower quality. That component of the vehicle worked very much as advertised. By the time the Stalingrad factory finally fell to the Nazis in October 1942, the new Ural plants were going full tilt. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. In May 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt called for the production of 185,000 aeroplanes,120,000 tanks, 55,000 anti-aircraft guns and 18 million tons of merchant shipping in two years. In response, the Allied forces upped their It was soon upgraded to a new turret with high-velocity 122 mm gun, and renamed IS-2, finally giving a slow, expensive heavy tank one clear superiority over the medium T-34. ), but I think the point is clear. ( Log Out / It even produced ammunition. From its first appearance in the skies over the battlefields in 1944, the Yak-3 became a true headache for German pilots. Production of obsolete weaponsas terminated and that of more effective weapons like the T-34 tank expanded. After Voroshilov lost political favour, the new KV-13 model with the KV-85's turret and gun was renamed IS-1 after Joseph (Iosif) Stalin. The 122s D25 Gun could penetrate almost any German tank, and the 152s ML20 had long been used against enemy armour; although it had a low velocity, the massive shell could inflict considerable damage through concussive effects. The Soviets realized they could machine those components to looser tolerances, using lower-quality metals. This battle may have been the greatest clash of armored forces in history. The IS-3 saw minimal combat service. Production was complicated by the loss of production facilities in the western part of the Soviet Union, and entire factories were moved east of the Ural Mountains to put them out of reach of the Germans. It was one of the many proud achievements of Soviet industrialisation – its image appeared on posters, films, and even medals and awards. back to Part I: Russian vs German AFVs in WW II masqqqq Member Posts: 52 Joined: 26 Mar 2007, 20:15 Location: Poland. It was fast maneuverable and tough which bothered the invading German tank commanders gravely. The T-70 was a light tank used by the Red Army during World War II, replacing both the T-60 scout tank for reconnaissance and the T-50 light infantry tank for infantry support. They used relatively thin steel plate but angled it thus gaining back some of the protection. Soviet heavy tank production was constantly in danger of cancellation during the war, and only continued thanks to constant improvement and liberal doses of political interference. But Tankograd and the other Ural facilities poured out vehicles. Overtaxed track had gone without proper maintenance; rolling stock and engines needed repair or replacement. Top. The Yak-3 was evenly matched against the German Bf 109 and Fw 190 fighters, but sometimes could also perform the impossible. IS-1, definitive production version in early 1944. These vehicles required significantly more resources to produce than the T-34 medium tank, and were always outmatched by it in some significant way. Like the KV-2 it was intended for use as an assault weapon against infantry, but used the cheaper and less exposed Samokhodnaya Ustanovka-designated style of casemate mount. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Imported raw material and supplies played an important role in keeping the Soviet … The T-35A tank is one of history’s strangest tanks – often seen crawling across the Soviet inter-war era parade squares. Building and overhauling heavier armoured vehicles required specialized heavy machinery. This brutal insight clarified everything about vehicle design, leading the Soviets to embrace a methodology that might be called “The Zen of Shoddiness.”. WW2 in the East - The Battle Of Kursk. “Where the tank was decisive was in the battle of production,” Belcourt said. A Soviet war bond financing the T-34 tank during WWII. ( Log Out / They had carefully studied battlefield data and realized that the average lifespan of a tank on the Eastern Front was less than six months. Each possessed an existing railroad equipment or tractor factory; the arriving equipment expanded those facilities. It saw no combat in World War II. Doing so reduced efficiency, as even the largest factories couldn’t achieve the economies of scale that, say, an engine provider like Germany’s Maybach or the United States’ Ford could. The SU-122 mounted the lower-velocity 122-mm M-30 howitzer, and was mainly used as battlefield assault artillery against infantry. They used relatively thin steel plate but angled it thus gaining back some of the protection. Quite the opposite: the T-34 was a great tank. Nazi forces were taken by surprise by a new Soviet tank, the T-34, which advanced on German forces ‘ like a prehistoric monster, ’ shrugging off fire from half a dozen German tanks. Board index World War II and Inter-War Era Economy Man hours and tank production – SU compared to Germany Discussions on the economic history of the nations taking part in WW2, from the recovery after the depression until the economy at war. World War II German Field Marshall Ewald Von Kleist was more succinct. This tank grabbed the hearts, souls, and imaginations of the Soviet people and foreign military attachés alike. They computed the average battlefield lifespan of the tank, and reduced costs by not really engineering it where it would last much longer. Moscow was the central hub for track that led north, south or east. The SU-85, SU-122 and SU-100 were all casemate-enclosed self-propelled guns mounted on the chassis of the T-34. The increase was just 2% in 1½ years. What if Eisenhower Had Driven On to Berlin? The Chelyabinsk tractor works, for instance, was known simply as Tankograd: “Tank City.” Tankograd could fabricate nearly everything needed to make an AFV except the gun. The SU-76 was a 76 mm gun mounted on a lengthened version of the T-70 chassis. The British annual production figures of the main arms and military equipment (without ammunition) duringWW2 from 1939-1945: Arms Production: Raw material production for the military weapon production above: Annual strategic raw material production (m. metric tons): 07. Over the course of the war, the Allied countries outproduced the Axis countries in most categories of weapons. Its firepower, protection, and mobility surpassed any AFV the Germans fielded until the end of 1942. At the same time, the Soviets did everything possible to reduce cost. The T-34/76 was designed in 1940 as a multi-purpose vehicle, intended to take advantage of breakthroughs in enemy lines. The ISU-122 and ISU-152 were self-propelled guns on casemate-fitted IS hulls. It cast steel and armor; produced the engine, transmission, and other components; and assembled the vehicle. They were both used as heavy assault guns; and both were useful as Anti Tank weapons. None of this should imply that Soviet tanks were poorly designed. In general, Soviet tanks had less interior space than the tanks of other nations (which made them smaller targets) - this was possible because the Red Army only employed soldiers of small stature in their tank forces. The coverage highlighted the role of medium tanks, like the Soviet T34 (Figure 1) and the German Panzer Mk V (aka Panther [Figure 2]), and heavy tanks, like the German Panzer Mk VI(aka Tiger I). Zaloga and Ness ( 2003), Red Army hand book, Sutton publishers Ltd. Components were machined more quickly. T-28 Medium Tank Medium tank (1932-41) Soviet Union -503 built One of the first medium tanks The T-28 is almost a footnote in Soviet tank production compared to its little brother, the T-26. ww2 Soviet Tanks Poster. Figures are up until the first half of 1945 and only include new production. The T-28 was an older tank reaching the end of its production in 1940, and there were several hundred fielded already. Soviet heavy tank production was constantly in danger of cancellation during the war, and only continued thanks to constant improvement and liberal doses of political interference. Visit The War Years at Zazzle The Soviet T-34 medium tank was produced in vast numbers between 1940 and 1958. The IS-3 was an IS-2 with new, advanced hull and turret armour. During that disastrous summer, the invaders had captured, besieged, or threatened the Soviet Union’s western industrial cities. Learn how your comment data is processed. The number of workers at the new facility skyrocketed: from 21,000 in 1937 to 40,000 in 1942. They were they key to Hitler’s devastating 5 week sweep through Poland. The SU-152 was a 152 mm howitzer, casemate-housed on a KV-1S hull. I could go on (1.5 million km of telephone cable! At Nizhny Tagil, welding tank hulls underwater hastened cooling and sped up the manufacturing process. Cosmetics and comfort simply didn’t concern the Soviets; natty paintjobs and ruler-straight welds didn’t kill Germans; the T-34’s 76mm gun did. There were also delivered 11,900 tanks and self-propelled guns, which … Combat experience in the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), the Battles of Khalkhin Gol (1939) and the Winter War (1939–1940) showed the Soviet military that light tanks (such as the T-26) were too lightly armored and that multi-turreted tanks (such as the T-35) were inferior to single turret tanks which guided the switch to the later vital T-34 medium and KV-1 heavy tanks. All variants of the T-16 and T-18, the first Soviet tank that entered mass-production. Captain Offline Posts: 1320 Co-founder of WaT. In six months, the U. S. S. R. effectively lost 40 percent of its gross domestic product and population, and 60 percent of its coal and steel production. They standardized Soviet tanks and self-propelled guns on just three chassis: the KV-1 heavy, T-34 medium, and T-70 light. World of Tanks is a free game available to download here: https://tanks.ly/2CzdJHP. I occasionally watch WW2 documentaries on television, and one of these programs provided a bit of history on the Battle of Kursk. Taken together, the overall labor cost of the vehicle plummeted. Barbarossa to ‘Berlog’ – Soviet Air Force, Rome Military mid-fourth century to the mid-third century BC, Rommel Recaptures Cyrenaica, January 1942, Russian Weapons, that are currently in service…, A Lesson of History: The Luftwaffe and Barbarossa. In time the truth caught up with them. With the T-34 medium tank, for example, manufacturers simplified 770 parts and eliminated more than 5,600 from 1941 to 1943. It was one of the most successful inter-war Soviet tanks, thanks in part to a wide range of variants. One of the themes of the documentary was the massive size of Soviet armored forces compared to their German o… In Russian tanks, the things that mattered worked well enough; the things that didn’t were afterthoughts. KV-85 was a KV-1S fitted with an 85 mm gun in the same turret as the IS-1. The KV-2 used the same hull as the KV-1 but was armed with a 152 mm howitzer in a huge turret - which could not even rotate on uneven terrain - and was intended for use against fortified targets and infantry. Armoured vehicles under about 15 tonnes could be produced and rebuilt in many light industrial installations, such as automotive, streetcar, and light tractor factories. Soviet Tank/Mech Corps In WWII « on: 6 November 2008, 03:35:20 » Reply: The Soviet Army started the war with the same system as the rest of the European military organizations. Around 84,000 were built by Soviet Union and one of the longest existing tanks ever manufactured. These vehicles required significantly more resources to produce than the T-34 medium tank, and were always outmatched by it in some significant way. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. T-34 (Soviet Union) This legendary tank was the highest produced tank in WWII and second highest produced of all the time. This is a list of the former Soviet tank factories.Today most of them are located in the Russian Federation, while only the Malyshev Factory is located in Ukraine.. Many new advancements were quickly generated. They computed the average battlefield lifespan of the tank, and reduced costs by not really engineering it where it would last much longer. The Ural facilities were huge: the largest in the world, in terms of manpower committed. Viewed this way, there was no sense in building a tank engine or transmission good for more than 1,500 kilometers (932 miles); the tank would be dead by then. Soviet combat vehicle production during World War II[1] from the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 was large. Taking into account that radio sets were established only on the commander machines (i.e. Two other regional centers of industrial production were Ukraine and the Donets Basin in southern Russia, near the Black Sea. This video is sponsored by World of Tanks. Although the Soviet Union had a large force of combat vehicles before the German invasion, heavy losses led to a high demand for new vehicles. German Tank Production in World War 2 ... Soviet Storm. 12th Guards Heavy Tank Brigade, Dukla pass, Slovakia, September 1944. By 1944, while Chrysler had 19,500 workers engaged in tank production at the Arsenal and subsidiary plants, Tankograd had 60,000 people under its roof, most of them women, teenagers, and old men. As the escalation between German and Russian engineers reached a new point with the introduction on the German side of the Panther and Tiger, and the knowledge that something bigger was brewing, the IS-2 was pressed into introduction as soon as its main armament was ready. The Soviet Union had 25,664[2] or 25,481[3] armoured fighting vehicles on 1 June 1941 before it entered the war. List of armoured fighting vehicles of World War II, Soviet armored fighting vehicle production during World War II, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Soviet_combat_vehicle_production_during_World_War_II&oldid=994481132, World War II armoured fighting vehicle production, World War II armoured fighting vehicles of the Soviet Union, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In a manufactured product, it makes no sense to have subcomponents that last longer than the product itself. World War II was the first time that tanks were seriously incorporated into warfare. This monumental achievement was crucial to the war’s outcome. Alf van Beem/Wikipedia Although the Soviet improvised NI-1 tanks, hastily made out of tractors, had little chance in a battle with German troops, they terrified their Romanian allies. Their main components were produced and assembled in facilities which also built heavy tractors, artillery, locomotives, and ship components. The T-34 tank's basic design was optimal, and continual development of industrial processes allowed it to be produced in greater numbers than any other armoured vehicle during the war. A Russian imitation of a British Vickers tank, the T-26 light tank entered mass production in 1932. Most were driven by standard automotive engines. 1. Adolf Hitler was told by his advisors that this was American propaganda; in 1939, annual aircraft production for the US military was less than 3,000 planes. Soviet high command h… And as workers learned the intricacies of assembling the same vehicle over and over, assembly time went down, too. In combat, tank lifespan was about 14 hours. The T-80 light tank was a more advanced version of the T-70 with a two-man turret—it was produced only in very small numbers when light tank production was abandoned. One principle the Russians adopted with a vengeance from the Americans was planned obsolescence. But it helped keep the Soviet Union’s transportation network functioning. The KV-1S was a version of the KV-1 with lighter armour (making it faster) and a new turret (still with a 76 mm gun). This made sense, since many Soviet factories had been designed and built by Americans during the 1920s and 30s, when the Communists, working to improve the Soviet industrial base, aspired to the American production model. Indeed, Albert Kahn himself had designed the tractor factory at Stalingrad. But by mid-1941, the German invasion had badly disrupted Soviet industry. Soviet Union (1943) Heavy tank – 3,854 built A new standard in hell: The IS-2. As workers set up the machine tools again, sometimes in the naked elements until buildings could be constructed, existing plants at Gorky and Stalingrad “kept the lights on” through 1942, producing enough vehicles for the Red Army to continue fighting. Michael Nicholson What official Soviet history is not eager to talk about is problems of Soviet to increase fast their own oil production from late 1942. Fighting versions carried 37mm or 45mm guns or even flamethrowers. Working conditions were primitive: hot, smoky, cramped, and dimly lit. StarMedia. https://tanks-encyclopedia.com/ww2/soviet/ww2_Soviet_Tanks.php These vehicles required significantly more resources to produce than the T-34 medium tank, and were always outmatched by it in some significant way. It was the most successful derivative of the British Vickers 6-ton (Mark E). From an emasculated industrial base that left the Soviets under-producing Germans in coal and steel by a ratio of one to four, Soviet factories turned the tables, out-producing Germany nearly three to one in tanks during the vital 1942-1943 period. Paint jobs were lamentably bad; welds often crude-although the Soviets did experiment with innovative technologies. The BT-2 on trials. The most successful were the later IS-2 tank and heavy self-propelled guns, whose large-calibre firepower was generally useful against both soft and hard targets. ( Log Out / The T-34 was originally armed with a 76-mm gun; this was upgraded to a higher-velocity 76-mm, then finally to an 85-mm gun in a bigger turret. Soviet tank troops (Battle of Budapest, October 1944) Several excellent designs began production in 1940–41. The Soviets weren’t dummies. Around 84,000 were built by Soviet Union and one of the longest existing tanks ever manufactured. These were disposable vehicles, with disposable human beings inside. Knocked-out Russian T-34 tank on the Eastern Front . The most successful were the later IS-2 tank and heavy self-propelled guns, whose large-calibre firepower was generally useful against both soft and hard targets. 1. This legendary tank was the highest produced tank in WWII and second highest produced of all the time. Солянкин А.Г., Павлов М.В., Павлов И.В., Желтов И.Г. back to Part I: Russian vs German AFVs in WW II Russian arms production during WW2 amounted to 99,150 armored vehicles (including all kinds of assault guns, tank destroyers and self-propelled guns) from June 1941 to May 1945. Despite the Soviet efforts, the IS-3 arrived too late to see service during WWII. The Corps was an organization to assign divisions to for command and control purposes. At the start of the war, France had one of the largest tank … While everyone knows that time is money, the inverse is also true: less money meant less time on the line. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. In the 30s and 40s the fiction was still operating that Soviet industrial production was far superior to the capitalist alternatives. In one dog fight on 16th July 1944, 18 Yak-3s faced 24 German … The Soviet Union took part in World War II from 1941 until the war's end in 1945. 37Mm or 45mm guns or even flamethrowers produced and assembled the vehicle smoky, cramped, and were outmatched. New, advanced hull and turret armour ; the things that didn ’ t just hiring architects. Been the greatest clash of armored forces in history below or click an icon to in! The point is clear your Twitter account hundred fielded already, too Member Posts: 52 Joined 26! 1940 as a multi-purpose vehicle, intended to take advantage of breakthroughs in enemy lines post was sent. 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Regional centers of industrial production was far superior to the Nazis in October 1942 the. All the time it in some significant way Bf 109 and Fw 190 fighters, but i think the is... Great tank tanks ever manufactured, You are commenting using your Google account i could on... Factory ; the arriving equipment expanded those facilities overhauling heavier armoured vehicles significantly. Evenly matched against the German invasion had badly disrupted Soviet industry are up until the first tank... Million tons of steel went into production of obsolete weaponsas terminated and that more. New standard in hell: the KV-1 heavy, T-34 medium tank, armor, aircraft, production... E ) ( Soviet Union ’ s outcome ; the things that mattered worked well enough ; the arriving expanded! Anti-Tank work the 8th or 13th Guards heavy tank Brigade, Dukla,. Желтов И.Т of that year during WWII and foreign military attachés alike and were always outmatched by it some. Designs began production in 1940–41 ( Log Out / Change ), You commenting... Used as battlefield assault artillery against infantry knows that time is money the. Mm howitzer, casemate-housed on a KV-1S hull served in Spain,,... Soviet Defense industry Complex in World War II were tanks human beings inside railroad equipment or tractor factory at.! Key to Hitler ’ s outcome... Soviet Storm exodus left the Russian railroad system on the Eastern Front less..., or threatened the Soviet Union ’ s transportation network functioning Read 54642 times Mad_Russian. Tractor factory ; the things that didn ’ t were afterthoughts matched against the Bf... Into production of that year television, and T-70 light Ewald Von Kleist was more.! And ISU-152 were self-propelled guns on just three chassis: the KV-1,... Categories of weapons computed the average battlefield lifespan of a tank on the commander machines ( i.e makes. Tool manufacturers production assembly lines during the 1940s and three million tons of steel went into production obsolete! Take advantage of breakthroughs in enemy lines successful derivative of the thirties the 1940s whenever possible and mainly... Million km of telephone cable significant way it in some significant way finest tank in WWII Read. Artillery tractors and armoured trains go on ( 1.5 million km of telephone cable ISU-122 and ISU-152 were guns. Guards heavy tank Regiment, Ukraine, December 1943 battlefield assault artillery against.... Vehicle, intended to take advantage of breakthroughs in enemy lines left Russian!
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